Large, upright, broad, bushy, often multi-stemmed, evergreen tree (H 15-25 m, W 6-9 m). Crown broadly conical. Bark dark brown, flaky. Branches widely spreading to slightly hanging, young shoots drooping. Needles flat, short (1-2 cm), stiff, glossy, dark green, with two longitudinal white bands beneath. Flowers separately arranged in male and female inflorescence, on the same plant (monoecious plant); male inflorescence rounded (0,3-0,4 cm), green-yellow, female inflorescence conicaly ovate, green. Flowering period: April-May. Fruits cones, conicaly ovate (2 cm), with smooth, almost round,luskami, dark brown. Undemanding tree, it grows well in heavy, clay, always moderately moist, sufficiently drained soils, in not too hot, slighlty moist, fresh sites. Easily withstands cold, deep shadow and pruning.
Plants from this group grow equally good in different positions, regardless of solar radiation. Usually they need more moisture in sunny than in shady undergorwth and they can bloom more exuberant.
Conifers have woody stems (i. e. tree trunk and branches) and are also called woody plants or trees. Their leaves are transformed into needles or scales, usually being hard and leathery.
Leaves or needles remain on the plant for several consecutive years, usually 2 to 5 years. Our descriptions contain the word evergreen.
Plant can in otherwise appropriate environment survive cold down to - 23 °C.
Porous or dry soils are normally light and loose, there is no stagnant water but relatively quickly flows in deeper layers; such ground are more airy and warmer, yet drier and usually contain less humus and for such undergrowth it is often to for drought to appear (e. g. rockgardens, walls, by paths and roads, on gravel, also on gravel surface in towns and close to buildings ...), plants of such undergrowth need well-drained soil, they tolerate drought but cannot tolerate constant moisture or even flooding.
Woody plant, normally with a remarkable tree trunk and a tree top. May have several stems - multistemmed tree. The tree top may be of different shapes, dense or thin, symetric or uneven. Most trees reach a height of more than 3 metres.
Among described plants in this category we marked those, which are particulary resistant (to various environmental conditions), do not require much maintanance and thereby suitable fot planting in public areas.
